تقدمة موقع آرتين
If-Clauses
· Conditional sentences I
· Conditional sentences II
· Conditional sentences III
· Survey (is-clauses)
· When or if
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Conditional I
Use
It is possible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if clause.
Form
Examples
The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Conditional II
Use
It is theoretically possible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if clause.
Form
Examples
The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Conditional III
Use
It is impossible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if clause (It's too late.).
Form
Examples
The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Survey
There are three types of if - clauses.
Form
Examples
* We can substitute could or might for would ( should, may or must are sometimes possible, too).
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* When or if
*********************************************************************
Modal Auxiliaries
· Modal auxiliaries can,must
· to be able to - can
· Long - and short forms
· Modals
· What are modal auxiliaries?
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Modal auxiliaries can,must
Can
I can play football.
My sister can play volleyball.
I can't play handball. = I cannot play handball.
Can i go to the cenima?
When can we ride our bikes?
Must
the children must be at school at 7.35.
I must help my father this afternoon.
Must we clean our room now?
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* to be able to - can
For 'can' we use 'to be able' or 'to be allowed to' .
Affirmative
You can use the substitute form from other tenses as well.
e.g. Present Perfect: I have been able to play football.
Negations
Future
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Long - and short forms
to be
have got
had
to do
did
Modals (can,could,must,might,will,would,shall,should,ought to)
The short form's and 'd have two different long forms:
he's = he is or he has
he'd = he would or he had
We seldom use short forms after names and nouns.
Peter has got a book = Peter's got a book.
The children have visited London. = The children've visited London.
When have is a full verb, we do not use the short form.
They have breakfast at 6 o'clock.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* Modals
can
could
may
might
must
musn't\may not
needn't
ought to
shall
should
will
would
* no past forms, but future
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
* What are modal auxiliaries?
be,have and do can be auxiliaries
Modals are: can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would and need
NOTE:
Forms
تقدمة موقع آرتين